Industrial Technical Foundations

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction to Blueprints

Topics: Detail drawings; Notes and dimensions; Assembly and pictorial drawings; Orthographic projections; Auxiliary views; Sections

Learning Objectives:

• Identify details, markings, and machine parts from an assembly drawing.
• Identify an object from an orthographic drawing.
• Identify elements located within the title block of a detail drawing.
• Explain why more than one orthographic projection is needed to show an object on a blueprint.

Chapter 2: Machine Parts

Topics: Simple machines; Screw threads; Heads; Rivets; Welds; Pins; Keys; Springs; Gears; Bearings; Belts and pulleys

Learning Objectives:

• Describe what a machine is, and explain what it does.
• Name the two basic methods of joining machine parts.
• Name and identify from an exhibit several types of threaded fasteners.
• Name the two basic methods of permanent joining.
• Identify gears, bearings, and belt drives on drawings.
• Identify types of screw threads from a specification.

Chapter 3: Machine Drawings

Topics: Machine tools; Exploded views; Assembly and detail drawings; Drafting techniques

Learning Objectives:

• Name the main parts of a lathe.
• State the definition of an exploded view.
• Identify an assembly drawing.
• Identify a compound rest swivel on an assembly drawing.
• Identify a specific part on an assembly drawing.

Chapter 4: Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drawings

Topics: Fluid systems; Pascal's Law; Multiplying forces; Pistons and cylinders; Fluid system components; Symbols

Learning Objectives:

• Name the components represented by common symbols on hydraulic and pneumatic drawings.
• Name the components in a simple hydraulic power system.
• Name the components in a simple pneumatic power system.
• State Pascal's Law.
• Discuss the purposes of the components of hydraulic systems.

Chapter 5: Sketching

Topics: Using and making sketches; Kinds of sketches; Orthographic, isometric, and perspective sketches

Learning Objectives:

• Name the four kinds of sketches.
• Identify an isometric sketch.
• Describe the appearance of a perspective drawing.
• Discuss how to sketch straight lines and curved lines.
• State the definition of a vanishing point.

Chapter 6: Units of Measurement

Topics: Length; Area; Volume; Angles; Time; Speed and velocity; Mass and weight; Force; Work and power; Pressure; Temperature; Electricity

Learning Objectives:

• Identify various units of measurement.
• State the definition of the joule, the coulomb, and the horsepower.
• Explain how to calculate pressure.
• Explain the difference between mass and weight.
• Demonstrate how to measure the volume of an object.
• Explain the difference between the Celsius scale and the Fahrenheit scale.

Chapter 7: Metric Measurement

Topics: Length, area, volume; Mass; Frequency; Speed and velocity; Acceleration; Force and weight; Work, energy, and power; Temperature; Current; Light

Learning Objectives:

• List the seven base units in the SI (metric) system.
• Name three derived units.
• Define work and power in SI units.
• Explain what power is and how it is measured.
• Name two metric measuring instruments and their U.S. Standard equivalents.

Chapter 8: Linear Measurement

Topics: Units; Measurement error; Tolerances; Scales and rules; Scribers and dividers; Bevel gauge; Calipers; Combination square; Using a micrometer

Learning Objectives:

• List five units used for making linear measurements.
• Demonstrate how to use a micrometer.
• Explain what each head of a combination square is used for.
• State the definition of parallax error.
• Define the different types of tolerance.

Chapter 9: Surface Measurement

Topics: Gauge blocks; Measuring screw threads, radius, surface texture; Hardness testing; Testing surface coatings; Detecting defects

Learning Objectives:

• Explain the difference between a continuous dial and a balanced dial on a dial indicator. the definition of pitch on a screw.
• Name two hardness tests.
• Explain why nondestructive testing is preferable to destructive testing on surface coatings.

Chapter 10: Measuring Tools

Topics: Linear and angular measurement; Rules and measuring tapes; Slide, vernier, and micrometer caliper; Squares

Learning Objectives:

• Explain how to hold a rigid rule correctly when measuring an object and show from which point the measurement begins.
• Describe how to set lock joint transfer-type calipers.
• Identify vernier calipers.
• Explain how to take a measurement with a micrometer caliper.
• Name the parts of a combination square.

Chapter 11: Wrenches and Screwdrivers

Topics: Wrenches open-end, box-end, combination, socket, adjustable, torque; Screwdrivers standard, cross-slot, spiral, ratchet, offset; Driving and removing screws; Restoring a blade

Learning Objectives:

• Identify types of materials used for making wrenches.
• Identify open-end, box-end, socket, socket-head, adjustable, torque, and striking-face wrenches.
• Describe two sizes that are important in identifying a socket wrench.
• Identify standard, Phillips, offset, and spiral-ratchet screwdrivers.
• List the steps to follow when driving a screw.

Chapter 12: Metalworking Tools

Topics: Vises; Hacksaws; Files; Taps; Dies; Thread classes; Reamers

Learning Objectives:

• Select the proper hacksaw blades for cutting various materials.
• Explain the difference between single-cut and double-cut files.
• List the types of taps usually found in a tap set.
• Explain how to cut an external thread on a bolt, screw, or stud.
• Explain how to remove a reamer from a hole.

Chapter 13: Hoisting and Pulling Tools

Topics: Knots; Wire rope; Slings, sling angles, hitches; Sling spreader beams; Block and tackle; Chain fall; Pullers

Learning Objectives:

• Explain how to prevent synthetic and fiber rope from unraveling.
• Explain how individual wires and strands of wire are formed into wire rope.
• Identify the most appropriate sling for use near corrosive chemicals.
• Identify a slide-hammer puller.
• Describe different kinds of slings and loads.

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